Heart: The heart is one of the most vital organs of human body. It continuously beats for the whole life without any pauses or intermission. The blood circulates through the body as a result of heart’s pumping action. Located in the chest cavity heart is a muscular organ that consists of four chambers, an upper chamber called an atrium, and lower chamber is a ventricle. There are two atria, right and left, and two ventricles. The right atria receives impure blood (deoxygenated) via veins from the whole body, this blood the goes to right ventricle which contracts and pumps it through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs where is oxygenated, this oxygenated blood from the lungs goes to left atria via pulmonary vein and into the left ventricle which contracts and pumps it with great force throughout the entire body tissues.
The heart is about the size of a closed first. The adult heart weighs about 220-260 g (8.9 oz.). It beat about 72 times a minute, and about 1,500,000,000 times in a person’s life span of 70 years. It circulates about 5 liters of blood every minute, about 700 million liters in a lifetime. During physical exercise and psychological stress its function (beating) can increase up to 5-6 fold/times or even more.
Artificial respiration: Natural or normal breathing is a mechanical process of moving air from environment into the lungs, and of expelling air from the lungs back out of the body. A resting adult breathes about 12 times every minute. Breathing depends upon pressure changes brought about by altering the size of the chest cavity surrounding the lungs.
Artificial respiration is a method of forcing air in and out of a person’s lungs.
When is it required: Artificial respiration is used whenever a person has stopped breathing or is breathing in an irregular or shallow manner. The purpose of artificial respiration is to provide oxygen to the victim until he can breathe again on his own or until professional medical help is available.
Mechanism of artificial breathing / respiration:
- Place the victim (the person who has stopped breathing) on his back.
- Clear the victim’s mouth and throat so that nothing will block the flow of air.
- Tilt the victim’s head back so that his chin points upward, and lift his lower jaw so that it juts out.
- Pinch the nostrils shut, and blow into victim’s mouth.
- Remove your mouth and listen for air rushing out of the lungs. If no outflow of air is heard, check for foreign matter.
- Blow vigorously into the victim’s mouth about 12 times each minute. Each time remove your mouth and listen for the return of air. Normal breathing may resume after 15 minutes, but could take much longer.
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